Change Model to Expand the Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Change Model to Expand the Business - Essay Example This paper illustrates that in business expansion, the change process plays an essential role to evaluate present performances and future possibilities. Apart from this, planning plays a very valuable role during the change process. An appropriate change model is required to be implemented with the intention of ensuring that the expansion process is conducted successfully. Subsequently, the success of the change model is dependent on various factors that include communication of the urgency of change, type of change needed and effective communication of change plan. In this context, planning and implementation process are required to be managed successfully in order to enhance probability margin of success. In the present scenario, globalization and advanced technology are the prime factors accountable for business expansion in different overseas market segments. The organization in order to enter the Chinese market segments and conduct business operations successfully is required to ensure that business operations are performed in accordance with the preferences as well as the behavior of customers. The market segments of China are developing rapidly with consumers mostly preferring for local branded products and/or services. In this context, the Chinese consumers are identified to have minimum needs or preferences for foreign products and/or services. Thus, it can be evidently asserted that in order to establish a business relation in a Chinese market, the organization is required to adopt effective change model to ensure that business operations are conducted on the basis of market demands.

A Woman in Berlin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Woman in Berlin - Essay Example This indicates the urge for self-preservation in a human being to the extent of availing such grim unworthy options. But the Russians had no educated Officer class to take appropriate decisions and exercise proper control over their men. Most of the officers were peasants as also the troops he commanded, but under the protection of the higher-ups in the army, she got better facilities, and then secured a typewriter through a friend to produce a fair copy of her jottings. Ultimately, she settled in America. (B.)The living conditions of the German people were absolutely horrid. They mostly occupied the basements of the bombed buildings and had no proper ration and clothing. Living in a war situation presents innumerable difficulties for the party that has lost in the war. Firstly, it is most humiliating to live as a loser. Secondly, what would be the next step of the army personnel, under whose mercy they have to spend time, is another serious problem. Many of the survivors shifted fro m one basement to another. In normal circumstances such pathetic living conditions are unthinkable. (C)In the present case, the residents have mostly supported each other, and for rejecting such advances there should be very strong reasons, such as conflict amongst different nationalities. (D)Human memory is very short, and one cannot say that the sufferings undergone by a particular generation of any country will be remembered by them for all time to come. But what happened is part of the history that cannot be obliterated by anyone. The coming generations, as students of history or the citizens of the country will continue to evaluate the facts. The politicians and the administrators of the country are not likely to commit the same mistakes that caused immense harm to the economy and damage to the psyche of the people. 2. (A) The men of the German force, were suddenly thrown into humiliating circumstances. They had lost everything, their prestige, rank, property and in many cases their family members were dead or missing. The end of war was a great relief, and they were confronted with a new set of economic problems. Many of them had lost their thinking power and were in a state bordering insanity. (B). The perspectives in which stories relating to their experiences were told differed in details but not in substance much. German soldiers talked about their bravery at the fronts. The author elucidates the issue thus: â€Å"And they loved to tell their stories which always involved exploits that showed them in a good light.†(149) I think that the German soldiers were not responsible for the plight in which they were put into. When they were asked to surrender by the higher authorities, they had no option but to surrender. They had no role in directing the politics of the state. Only the grave issue before them was to take care of their family and household. In that grim situation anyone would turn cynical. Many had to confront the situation of loss of l ife of their family members, rape of their wife and children by the Russian soldiers, total destruction of the property etc. In no way such soldiers were liable for condemnation for their so-called impotence. (C) After the ravaging World War II at the fronts where guns and

James Berardinelli Essay Example for Free

James Berardinelli Essay James Berardinelli, in his review of the film Good Will hunting, provided a very insightful detail of the movie in general and the characters that played it. I would say that in many instances I agree with him, especially when he said that the story was ordinary, because I also felt that way about it. Nevertheless, the simplicity made it more appealing to me because it does not make you think hard while watching; you just sit back, relax and take in the realities of life that the movie exposes. On the critics of the characters in the story, I believe that he had given quite a fair description of each of them. There were really astounding and outstanding performances but then there are also those so-so performances at one time or another but I think that everyone complemented each other, thus the film came out powerful despite the ordinariness of the story. In addition, I say that it was so keen of Berardinelli to identify the chemistry within the relationships of the actors on and off the camera, thus he was able to provide a critical analysis of the interaction of the characters. What I liked most about this critic is that he was able to exhaust and tackle almost all aspects of the film, not just focusing on the plot, the characters, the acting, etc. It is all-encompassing; thus, if you read it prior to watching the film, you will already have a clear idea of what to expect from the movie. Indeed, there are chances that you would disagree with the review; however, it provides a good example of what reviews should be like or the pattern that it should be done. In the end, what really matters is how one personally sees the film. The review showed one perspective and different people would have different reactions to it. For me, however, this review pretty much sums up what I felt about the film; thus I will give Berardinelli two thumbs up for being very critical about it.

Lady Macbeth is a Feminist Role Model and a Despicable Human Being Essa

This fall, the second instalment of the Hunger Games trilogy was released in theatres. The main character, Katniss Everdeen, is a brave, intelligent, female character with an exceptional level of physical and inner strength. Even 50 years ago it would have been considered unacceptable to present this type of female in entertainment and media has made significant strides when representing women in such a positive way. Yet in the 16th century, Shakespeare crafted a character that shared many of the same traits as Katniss while simultaneous pleasing an audience with traditional views on femininity. As a result, Lady Macbeth is a feminist role model before the rise of feminist ideology in the mainstream and a truly evil person as well. Lady Macbeth is shown to be a leader as it is her ambition that is the driving force behind the murder plot and her husbands actions. She had the strength to go through with the plan to kill King Duncan and holds it together for both she and Macbeth afte r the muder is complete. Finally, in elizabethan England the idea that a women could be capable of such evil wrongdoing would have been inconceivable. The fact that Lady Macbeth had murderous thoughts makes her equal to the men she was surrounded by. It is through these points that Lady Macbeth’s character can be both vilified and explored as a feminist role model. An audience who would have attended Macbeth in the 16th century would have believed that women we're incapable of ambition and leadership. Lady Macbeth shatters this when she latches onto the idea that Macbeth will be king and creates a plot to murder Duncan. While Macbeth is hesitant about assassinating the current monarch, Lady Macbeth doesn't have a second though; she tells her husband... ...he makes a plea to â€Å"Make thick my blood. Stop up the access and passage to remorse† (1. 5. 33-37). Her character broke down the notion that women are somehow more pure than men. She does an awful thing and as a result she sheds a light on the difference between the evil in men and women, there is none. If Shakespeare was alive today the story of Macbeth might have gone a little differently. People are multidimensional, they can be motivated by terrible thing and feel hesitation and guilt for these forces at the same time. As a result, Lady Macbeth could be the only Macbeth if the play has been written after the 20th century. She is both the face of women in power and a prime example of what happens when power gets the best of you. Lady Macbeth uses her ambition, leadership skills, emotional strength, and sheer absence of remorse to gain the throne for her husband.

“Fahrenheit 451” Study questions and answers Essay

Part 1: The Hearth and the Salamander 1. a) When does this story take place? The story takes place in the future, approximately 500 years from the time this book was written, so we estimate around the year 2450. The story is also set in the autumn. b) What clue does the author offer to support this theory on page 4? The author uses technology that doesn’t exist yet to support his theory. The example on page 4 would be:  « the silent air-propelled train slid soundlessly down its lubricated flue in the earth and let him out with a great puff of warm air onto the cream-tiled escalator rising to the suburb.  » On page 5 we know it is autumn when the author writes: â€Å" The autumn leaves blew over†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . 2. a) What does Guy Montag do for a living? (p. 3-4) Guy Montag is a fireman. In this book, firemen start fires in houses to be able to burn the books inside of these. b) How does he feel about his job at the beginning of the novel? Find one sentence that supports your answer. (p. 3) The main character is very happy with his job in the beginning of the novel as we can see in the first two lines: â€Å"It was a pleasure to burn. It was a special pleasure to see things eaten, to see things blackened and changed.† 3. a) Find a metaphor on page 3. The metaphor found on page 3 is: â€Å"†¦with this great python spitting its venomous kerosene upon the world†¦Ã¢â‚¬  b) Find a metaphor on page 5. The metaphor on page 5 is: â€Å"Her face was slender and milk-white, and in it was a kind of gentle hunger that touched over everything with tireless curiosity.† 4. a) Explain the symbolism of the girl’s â€Å"milk-white† face and white dress. (p. 5) The girl’s face and dress are milk-white and this  symbolises purity. She is only 17 years old and very pure. White also symbolises the girl’s frailty and femininity. It also serves as a contrast to the very dark nature of the novel. b) At what other point in the story does the author use this same technique? (p. 36-38) When the author is speaking of the book as an innocent thing: â€Å" A book lit, almost obediently, like a white pigeon, in his hands, wings fluttering. In the dim, wavering light, a page hung open and it was like a snowy feather, the words delicately painted thereon.† Once again, the author has used the whiteness to show the oppression in this world so sombre. 5. a) Why do they have 200 foot-long billboards on the side on the highway? (p.9) The author explains this well when Clarisse asks Montag: â€Å"Have you seen the two hundred-foot-long billboards in the country beyond town? Did you know that once billboards were only twenty feet long? But cars started rushing by so quickly they had to stretch the advertising out so it would last.† b) What is Clarisse referring to when she talks about green, pink, white, and brown blurs (p. 9) When Clarisse speaks of green blurs, she is referring to grass, pink blurs to rose gardens, white blurs to houses and brown blurs to cows. This is telling us that the drivers are driving very fast and therefore do not take the time to examine what’s around them. 6. What clue does the author give in order to describe human interaction in Guy’s world? (p. 10) The author describes human interaction in Guy’s world as very superficial when he describes his apparently casual meeting with Clarisse as unusual. We know this when the author writes: â€Å"What a strange meeting on a strange night. He remembered nothing like it save one afternoon a year ago when he had met an old man in the park and they had talked†¦Ã¢â‚¬  7. The author describes Montag’s bedroom as cold, dark, and quiet. Find two words that support this statement. (p. 11) The author describes his room as cold, dark, and quiet when he says words like: â€Å"mausoleum, tomb and darkness† The first two are resting places for the dead and the last one speaks for itself. 8. a) In your own words, summarize how Mildred was saved from certain death after overdosing on pills. (p. 14-15) Mildred was saved from certain death after overdosing on pills by a couple of machinists. The first machine pumps out the poison with a tube that went into her stomach. It had a camera at the end of it that the operator looked through. The other machine served as a blood transfusion mechanism. It replaced the contaminated blood with new one. b) What is significant about the manner in which the â€Å"Operators† saved Mildred’s life? (p. 14-15) The fact that it was a the operators saved Mildred in a very mechanical way, instead of doctors, shows us how evolved the technology has become. It is also significant in the sense that it is done in a casual manner and that it is very normal to do so in this world. c) Why do you think Mildred decided to take all of these pills? I think Mildred decided to take all of these pills because she was not satisfied with her life. She knew there was better ways to live and decided that she could never achieve this way of living because of her social status. We know there are a lot of these cases when the operator says: â€Å"We get these cases nine or ten a night. Got so many, starting a few years ago, we had the special machines built.† 9. What is the significance of Guy’s meeting with Clarisse? What effect does it have on him? Guy’s meeting with Clarisse is very significant because it opens him to the thought process. He never stopped to analyse anything before. He just did what he was supposed to do, like burn books. It has the effect that he is beginning to think things out. Example: â€Å"Of course I’m happy. What does she think? I’m not? he asked the quiet rooms.† (p. 10) and â€Å" There are too many of us, he thought†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 16). 10. On page 18, what clue does the author give to show that this story is taking place in the future? The author shows the us that this story is taking place in the future with the help of technology again when he says: â€Å"Toast popped out of the silver  toaster, was seized by a spidery metal hand that drenched it with melted butter.† and â€Å"She had both ears plugged with electronic bees†. 11. Find an antithesis on page 24. The antithesis found on page 24 are: â€Å"†¦a hotness and a coldness, a softness and a hardness, a trembling and a not trembling†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"slept but did not sleep, lived but did not live†. 12. a) How does Captain Beatty describe the Mechanical Hound? Find on sentence that supports your answer. Captain Beatty describes the Mechanical Hound as emotionless and it acts upon our reactions / way of thinking, on page 26, when he says: â€Å"It doesn’t like or dislike. It just ‘functions.’ It’s like a lesson in ballistics. It has a trajectory we decide on for it. It follows through. It targets itself, homes itself, and cuts off. It’s only copper wire, storage batteries, and electricity.† b) What is symbolic about the Hound? The Hound is a symbol of cruelty and bitterness. We know this when Montag describes the programming as: â€Å"all we put into it is hunting and finding and killing. What a shame if that’s all it can ever know.† (p. 27) Beatty further proves the symbolism of the type of justice in this world when he replies to Montag by saying: â€Å"It’s a fine bit of craftsmanship, a good rifle that can fetch its own target and guarantees the bull’s-eye every time†. It is also symbolic of the society because it just does and doesn’t think before doing. 13. a) How does Clarisse describe the education system in her society? (p. 29) Clarisse describes the education system in her society as her society in general, that is that you are told what to think. She describes a typical day at school: â€Å"An hour of TV class, an hour of basketball or baseball or running, another hour of transcription history or painting pictures, and more sports, but do you know, we never ask questions, or at least most don’t; they just run the answers at you, bing, bing, bing, and us sitting there for four more hours of film teacher.† b) Contrast Clarisse and the other Students her own age (p. 29-31). Clarisse  is considered antisocial and doesn’t mix with the others. While the others do as they are told, they are considered social. She gives this diverging opinion on socialism when she tells Montag: â€Å"Being with people is nice. But I don’t think it’s social to get a bunch of people together and then not let them talk, do you?†. c) What is ironic about the other students’ perception of Clarisse? It is very ironic that other children don’t like Clarisse because she is afraid of them. I say this is ironic because it would be normal to be afraid of people who kill each other. â€Å"I’m afraid of children my own age. They kill each other†¦I’m afraid of them and they don’t like me because I’m afraid.† 14. a) How does the author exemplify society’s indifference or lack of caring and understanding on page 32? The author exemplifies society’s indifference when the firemen are playing cards nonchalantly while a war is going on outside. â€Å" November fourth†¦sighing on their cards†¦The voice clock mourned out the cold hour of a cold morning of a still colder year†¦war may be declared any hour†¦Ã¢â‚¬  b) Find another example of this on page 44. Another example of society’s lack of caring would be when the author writes: â€Å" And he remembered thinking then that if she died, he was certain he wouldn’t cry. For it would be the dying of an unknown, a street face , a newspaper image†¦Ã¢â‚¬  15. What do we learn about Guy and Mildred’s relationship on pages 43 and 44? We learn that the Montags don’t really know each other when they can’t remember when they met: â€Å"â€Å"Why it was at-† She stopped. â€Å"I don’t know,† she said. He was cold. â€Å"Can’t you remember?† â€Å"It’s been so long.† â€Å"Only ten years, that’s all, only ten!† The author also mentions the wall between the two: â€Å"†¦wasn’t there a wall between him and Mildred†¦Ã¢â‚¬  16. a) What do we learn about Clarisse on page 47 We learn that Clarisse is dead on page 47 when Mildred tells Montag: â€Å"I think she’s gone†¦I think she’s dead†¦no the same girl. McClellan.† b) Analyze Mildred’s speech. How does the way she talks reflect her personality?  Mildred’s speech shows us that she is impersonal when she forgets about the neighbour being killed by a car four days ago. She also isn’t sure of the situation and doesn’t seem to care to much when she says: â€Å"No, not sure. Pretty sure†¦Forgot†¦I forgot all about it†. 17. a) What is the cause of Montag’s â€Å"illness†? Montag’s illness is caused by the fact that a woman has died in a fire that they caused the night before. â€Å"We burnt a thousand books. We burnt a woman†¦.she was rational as you and I, more so perhaps, and we burnt her.† (p. 50-51). b) Do you believe he is actually sick? Explain. I don’t believe he is actually sick because he is questioning his career and has a book he wants to read. â€Å"Montag fell back in bed. He reached under his pillow. The hidden book was still there. Mildred, how would it be if, well, maybe, I quit my job awhile?† (p. 50-51). 18. On page 51, what reason does Montag give for becoming a fireman? Montag tells us that he didn’t have a choice of career. He had to follow his family line of work when he says: â€Å"â€Å"Thought!† he said. â€Å"Was I given a choice? My grandfather and father were firemen. In my sleep, I ran after them.† on page 51. 19. How does captain Beatty justify the burning of books? What reasons does he give to support his theory? (p. 58-63) Captain Beatty justifies the burning of books as a means to eliminate prejudice against intellectualism and thus improve happiness. We see this when he says: â€Å"the word ‘intellectual’, of course, became the swear word it deserved to be.† (p. 58) and â€Å"You must understand that our civilization is so vast that we can’t have our minorities upset and stirred†¦People want to be happy, isn’t that right?† (p. 59). He also says that this happiness is the backbone to his theory when he speaks of death on page 60: â€Å"Five minutes after a person is dead he’s on his way to the Big Flue, the Incinerators serviced by helicopters all over the country. Ten minutes after death a man’s a speck of black dust. Let’s not quibble over individuals with  memoriums. Forget them. Burn all, burn everything. Fire is bright and fire is clean.† 20. As Montag looked through a window, he remembered that Clarisse had once mentioned that most houses had no front porches, no gardens, and no rocking chairs. Why do you think this is so? Most houses don’t have any front porches, gardens or rocking chairs because this led to discussion and analyzation of the day passing by. It is considered as dead time, time to think. â€Å"†¦the real reason, hidden underneath, might be they didn’t want people sitting like that, doing nothing, rocking, talking; that was the wrong kind of social life. People talked too much. And they had time to think. So they ran off with the porches. And the gardens, too.† (p. 63).

Is Ectoplasm Real Ectoplasm and Science

If youve seen enough scary Halloween movies, then youve heard the term ectoplasm. Slimer left green gooey ectoplasm slime in his wake in Ghostbusters. In The Haunting in Connecticut, Jonah emits ectoplasm during a  sà ©ance. These movies are works of fiction, so you may be wondering whether ectoplasm is real. Real Ectoplasm Ectoplasm is a defined term in science. Its used to describe the cytoplasm of the one-celled organism, the amoeba, which moves by extruding portions of itself and flowing into space. Ectoplasm is the outer portion of an amoebas cytoplasm, while endoplasm is the inner portion of the cytoplasm. Ectoplasm is a clear gel that helps the foot or pseudopodium of an amoeba change direction. Ectoplasm changes according to the acidity or alkalinity of the fluid. The endoplasm is more watery and contains most of the cells structures. So, yes, ectoplasm is a real thing. Ectoplasm from a  Medium or Spirit Then, there is the supernatural kind of ectoplasm. The term was coined by Charles Richet, the French physiologist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1913 for his work on anaphylaxis. The word comes from the Greek words ektos, which means outside and plasma, which means molded or formed, in reference to the substance said to be manifested by a physical medium in a trance. Psychoplasm and teleplasm refer to the same phenomenon, although teleplasm is ectoplasm that acts at a distance from the medium. Ideoplasm is ectoplasm that molds itself into the likeness of a person. Richet, like many scientists of his time, was interested in the nature of the material said to be excreted by a medium, that could allow a spirit to interact with a physical realm. Scientists and physicians known to have studied ectoplasm include  German physician and psychiatrist  Albert Freiherr von Schrenck-Notzing,  German embryologist Hans Driesch, physicist  Edmund Edward Fournier dAlbe,  and English scientist Michael Faraday.  Unlike Slimers ectoplasm, accounts from the early 20th century describe ectoplasm as a gauzy material. Some said it started out translucent and then materialized to become visible. Others said ectoplasm faintly glowed. Some people reported a strong odor associated with the stuff. Other accounts stated ectoplasm disintegrated upon exposure to light. Most reports describe ectoplasm as cool and moist and sometimes vicious.  Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, working with a medium identified as Eva C., stated ectoplasm felt like a living material, moving and responding to his touch. For the most part, mediums of the day were frauds and their ectoplasm was revealed to be  a hoax. While several notable scientists conducted experiments on ectoplasm to determine its source, composition, and properties, its difficult to tell whether they were analyzing the real deal or an example of stage showmanship.  Schrenck-Notzing obtained a sample of ectoplasm, which he described as filmy and organized like a biological tissue sample, which degraded into epithelial cells with nuclei, globules, and mucus. While researchers weighed the medium and resulting ectoplasm, exposed samples to light, and stained them, there dont appear to have been any successful attempts to identify chemical substances in the matter. But, scientific understanding of elements and molecules was limited at the time. Quite honestly, most of any investigation centered on determining whether or not the medium and the ectoplasm were fraudulent Modern Ectoplasm Being a medium was a viable business at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. In the modern era, fewer people claim to be mediums. Of these, only a handful are mediums who emit ectoplasm. While videos of ectoplasm abound on the internet, theres little information about samples and test results. More recent samples have been identified as human tissue or fragments of fabric.  Basically, mainstream science views ectoplasm with skepticism or outright disbelief. Make Homemade Ectoplasm The most common fake ectoplasm was simply a sheet of fine muslin (a sheer fabric). If you want to go for the early 20th-century medium effect, you could use any sheer sheet or spider web type of material. The slimy version can be replicated using egg whites (with or without bits of thread or tissue) or slime. Luminescent Ectoplasm Recipe Heres a nice glowing ectoplasm recipe thats easy to make using readily available materials: 1 cup of warm water4 ounces clear non-toxic glue (white works too, but wont produce clear ectoplasm)1/2 cup liquid starch2-3 tablespoons glow in the dark paint or 1-2 teaspoons of glow powder Mix together the glue and water until the solution is uniform.Stir in the glow paint or powder.Use a spoon or your hands to mix in the liquid starch to form ectoplasm slime.Shine a bright light on the ectoplasm so it will glow in the dark.Store your ectoplasm in a sealed container to keep it from drying out. Theres also an edible ectoplasm recipe, in case you need to drip ectoplasm from your nose or mouth. References Crawford, W. J.  The Psychic Structures at the Goligher Circle.  London, 1921. Schrenck-Notzing, Baron A.  The Phenomena of Materialisation.  London, 1920. Reprint, New York: Arno Press, 1975.

Common Failings of Big Data Analysis - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1239 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category IT Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Common failings of Big Data analysis: There are numerous examples of how Big Data can be used to forecast the publics reaction when it comes to box office receipts, sale of consumer goods and the outcome of certain events such as American Idol. However, even in the case of the of predicting something as ridiculously inane as American Idol there are qualifications that need to be made about the use of the data collected. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“As many authors have pointed out, there are several challenges one must face when dealing with data of this nature: intrinsic biases, uneven sampling across location of interest etc.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  American Idol. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Common Failings of Big Data Analysis" essay for you Create order While the experiment in american idol is largely viewed as success it concludes that the open source data available on the web can be used to make educated guesses on the outcome of societal events. Surely an educated guess is nothing to get excited about. This section of the paper points attempts to bring to light the failings in analysis of data sourced from social media such as twitter or from search terms used in Google searches. We focus on three distinct areas which have attempted to use these sources of information to predict future outcomes of some event. These areas are: Elections Flu Trends Stock Market trends Elections: Shortly after the 2010 US general elections flamboyant statements made it to the news media headlines, from those arguing that Twitter is not a reliable predictor to those claiming the opposite (How not to predict elections). It has been claimed that Twitter can predict the outcome of elections with great accuracy. Given the significant differences in the demographics between likely voters and users of social networks questions arise on what is the underlying operating principle enabling these predictions (How not to predict elections). As is reported by à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“How not to predict electionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  the degree of accuracy in these claims is recorded in terms of percentage of correctly guessed electoral races without any further qualification at all. When these predictions are reported they are often not compared against results which were arrived at by more traditional means. For instance in the 2008 US congressional elections the incumbent in w on 91.6 % of the time and in 2010 they won 84% of the time. By using this parameter that the incumbent wins about 9 times out of ten any random member of the public could walk off the street and predict 90% of US congressional elections at very little cost. A Livne, M Simmons, E Adar and L Adamic, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Party is over here structure and content in the 2010 Electionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  used tweets sent by electoral candidates to build a model that was claimed would predict à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a candidate will win with accuracy of 88%.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Taken out of context this might seem strong but compared with the strike rate for using incumbency as the only parameter it seems a lot of work for little in the way of tangible results, or as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“How not to predict elections put ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“even when predictions were better than chance they were not competent when compared to the trivial method of predicting through incumbencyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . T amasjan et al who carried similar work out in Germany found that twitter is used to spread political opinion discuss politics and that sentiment profiles of politicians and parties reflect nuances of the election campaign and that the mere volume of messages reflects the election result and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“even comes close to traditional election polesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . It seems as if pollsters have nothing to worry about in terms of employment. A major issue with social media data where general elections are concerned is that the people tweeting cannot be identified as likely voters. To identify likely voters a correct sample from Twitter would have to should be able to identify the age range, voting eligibility and prior voting patterns (How not to predict elections). Obtaining this information is not possible without violating the privacy of the users, a particularly hot topic of debate for social media providers at the moment. There are certainly voters who do not tweet and giv en the age range of likely voters in the US (in 2000 36% of citizens aged between 18 and 24 voted, 50% of citizens between 25 and 50 voted and 68% of those over 35 voted) while we have no supporting information weà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ll put our reputations on the line and say as age increases in todays population the proportion of social media users probably declines while the exact opposite happens to the proportion of likely voters as age increases. This cannot be good for the accuracy of election prediction by data gathered from social media. It should also be noted that it is easy to manipulate social media data. Far be it from me to suggest that politicians are capable of sucas this headline and exerpt from the Technology Review June 2012 demonstrates there are those who will stop at nothing to win. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Twitter Mischief Plagues Mexicoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s General Election, The top contenders in Mexicoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s presidential campaign are engaged in a Twitter s pam war, with armies of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“botsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  programmed to cast aspersions on opposing candidates and disrupt their social-media efforts. This large-scale political spamming could foreshadow online antics that campaigners may increasingly resort to in other countries.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Flu Trends: Google Flu Trends (GFT) was launched in November 2008 and is based on the fact that Google users regularly use google to search for advice on health issues. By analysing the search terms from users Google attempts to predict flu trends. The Swine Flu pandemic of 2009 provided the first opportunity to evaluate the performance of GFT models during a non-seasonal influenza outbreak. GFT missed it. As well as this GFT overestimated the prevalence of flu in the 2012à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"2013 season and overshot the actual level in 2011à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"2012 by more than 50%. From 21 August 2011 to 1 September 2013, GFT reported overly high flu prevalence 100 out of 108 weeks (T he Parable of Google Flu Trends). In February 2013, Google Flu Trends (GFT) made headlines but not for a reason that Google Executives or the creator of the flu tracking system (The parable of the Google Flu Trends). Nature reported that GFT was predicting more than double the proportion of doctor visits for influenza-like illness than the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which bases its estimates on surveillance reports from laboratories across the United States (D. Butler, Nature 494, 155 (2013) D. R. Olson et al., PLOS Comput. Biol. 9, e1003256 (2013)). This happened despite the fact that GFT was built to predict CDC reports (Parable of Google Flu Trends). In the Parable of Google Flu Trends, Lazer et al refer to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Big Data Hubrisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  as being the implicit assumption that Big Data are a substitute for rather than a supplement to traditional data collection and go on to highlight that quantity alone does not mean one can ignore the foundational issues such as measurement, construct validity and dependencies among data. Like in the previous section on elections it seems that data gathered through social media does not yet compare to the tried and tested methods. Lazer et al took GFTà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s main problem appears to be that it relies on the public to know what the symptoms of the flu are. If someone googles flu symptoms they may just have a cold. For conclusion: While people tweeting, expressing an opinion or searching about a product or a movie are more than likely the target market and a good indication of a future purchase the same cannot be said of elections. Where the customer has self selected as a customer a voter has not.