Faxed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Faxed - Essay Example Traditional methods of teaching and assessment are increasingly being questioned in the light of self efficacy – a factor that has not been taken into consideration previously in assessing learning outcomes but which is becoming more and more relevant in today’s educational context. According to Fullan (2001), â€Å"leading in a culture of change is about unlocking the mysteries of living organizations.† On this basis old and established systems of education are increasingly being found in need of reform. Structural reforms have been mooted in the educational system, in order to bring about changes in teaching and learning practices (Cohen, 1995). The E 2020 computer program has been designed for the use of special education students in high school. It consists of computerized lessons and tests and each student works individually on these programs. The use of technology as an aid to learning, especially for high school, career oriented students has been shown to result in positive payoffs in terms of enhancing student achievement at several high schools.(Readers Digest 2002). The use of computers enables students to take responsibility for their own learning and thereby enhances their self efficacy, producing better results in terms of achievement. These aspects must be taken into consideration by teachers in order to enhance self efficacy of students and maximize the potentially beneficial effects of using the E 2020 computer program to enhance student achievement. The first aspect identifies the importance of addressing the concerns of the minorities within a majority setting in order to ensure that they are able to develop self efficacy. This would require that differences need to be accounted for and addressed. As an example, the theories of Michael Gurian have highlighted the fact that boys are not faring well under the current educational systems and

Catch a Fire Essay Example for Free

Catch a Fire Essay The book â€Å"Catch a Fire† is a beautiful description of the Jamaican culture, the Rastafarian faith, the growth and development of reggae music and how it all added up to make Bob Marley’s life. All of those elements of what made Bob Marley â€Å"human† will be talked about and explained in this paper. The best artists are the ones who have passed but there work still lives on and Bob Marley left an unforgettable mark on modern music, both as a reggae creator and as a cultural icon. His beliefs and values helped him become a part of the Rastafarian faith and grow into a great musician whose music is still listened to today. The author, Timothy White, did an amazing job describing Bob’s background giving his readers a much greater appreciation for Marley and his music. Jamaicans are often stereotyped as carefree and fun loving. While most Jamaicans do value a sense of humor, as well as music and dance, they also have a tradition of hard work and a strong respect for education. Bob Marley, the son of a black teenage mother and much older white father, was born in Jamaica in the village known as Nine Miles. Born early in 1945, Bob was raised by his mother and relatives and was always surrounded by tales of mysticism and spiritual beings of the Jamaican culture that influenced his daily life. Around the time Bob was born, in 1944, Jamaicans gained the right to vote because of the new constitution. (1) During this time the population grew and there weren’t much job opportunities, leading to an expanding slum population. Class, color, and ethnicity were a big deal in Jamaica and would play a huge role of where you would fit in, work, or even shop. Bob once said, â€Å"I dont stand for black mans side, I dont stand for white mans side, I stand for Gods side. †(2) The Jamaican history has not been a peaceful one, but its struggles have created one of the strongest cultures. The Rastafarian faith was one of the biggest influences of why Bob’s music and the way he lived was the way it was. It all started with Marcus Garvey, who was responsible for bringing Rastafarianism to the islands. Garvey was famous for the saying Look to Africa†¦ (â€Å"Catch a Fire† pg. 8) This statement set the stage for what will be the making of Rastafarianism. Rastafarianism got so popular that when Haile Selassie came to Jamaica in 1966 over 100,000 Rastas surrounded his plane. The late 1960’s is when Bob truly began to find himself and accept his religion and put its beliefs into his songs like â€Å"Rastaman Vibration† and â€Å"Jah Live. † Not only did the Rastafarian faith help Bob with his music, it helped him find who he really was and grow as a person. He finally started to see the beauty in life. Marley started making music in ska and Rock Steady then eventually moved towards reggae as his music evolved. Much of Marleys early work was produced by Coxsone Dodd at Studio One then he signed to Chris Blackwells Island Records label in 1971. Marleys music was one of the main reasons reggae was accepted outside of Jamaica. Although Bob couldn’t escape all the troubles of the ghetto, without music, he would have been right there in Kingston with those rude boys and bad men causing trouble. Music brought out the best in Bob and showed him the true values of life. The â€Å"King of Reggae†, Bob Marley made such an impact on the music industry with his creativity and passion he put into his music and performances. As you can see, Bob would have never made it happen without his Jamaican cultural background, his Rastafarian faith or his love for music. His thinking and beliefs were always voiced in his songs speaking of love, peace, equality and his spirituality. And, after almost three decades since his death, his music is still listened to by millions of people around the world.

Influence of Religion on Society during the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Cen

Influence of Religion on Society during the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries The undeniable power, force, and influence of religion stand out throughout history. However, according to J. Michael Allen and James B. Allen in World History from 1500, in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, religion was exceptionally important, because it had a great influence on everything from government to social order and family relationships (16). Hundreds of years may separate these two time periods and the modern world, but the same positive effects of religion such as unity, security, and a social order are still basic ideals in today’s world. This is also true for the negative effects such as the conflicts that result in war and bloodshed, the separation of social classes, and the corruption throughout the church, especially the recent sex scandal in the Catholic church. In order to appreciate the impacts of religion during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries the positive and negative effects of this era must be understood. During the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, religion gave people a sense of belonging. Belonging to a church was important during this time because it gave people a sense of security and support. This was important because it made it much easier to deal with everyday problems and issues. For instance, diseases and death were extremely common during this time period, because of the lack of medicine and technology. So, religion played an extremely important role in giving people a â€Å"guiding light† to pray for support, health, and help. People also had a sense of spiritual protection in everyday life and also in the afterlife. With a sense of protection, they lived a life with less fear of d... ...o this period, giving people the background of such problems. Works Cited Allen, Michael J., and James B. Allen. World History from 1500. New York: Harper Collins, 1993. Conquest of Paradise. Dir. Ridley Scott. Perf. Gerald Despardieu, Armand Assante, and Sigorney Weaver. Bravo Special Presentation. Class Film. HSS-212-003. Fall Semester. September 12, 2002. Conquistadors. Dir. David Wallace. Narr. Michael Wood. Maya Vision. PBS Presentation, 7 Aug. 2001. Class Film. HSS-212-003. Fall Semester. September 19, 2002. Joan of Arc. Written by Micahel Alexander Miller and Ronald Parker . Dir. Christian Duguay. Perf. Leelee Sobieski, Chad Willett, Peter Strauss and Peter O’Toole. Class Movie. HSS-212-003. Fall Semester. 2002 Mary, Queen of Scots. Nar. Star Jones. A&E Special Presentation. Class Movie. HSS-212-003. Fall Semester. September 26, 2002.

A coffee shop

Of all places in our neighborhood, the local coffee shop located just a few steps away from my house is the coziest little nook where one can spend the night.With a stylish interior, warm and friendly atmosphere and a diverse and quiet public, it is the place to have a chat with friends or pick up a cup on the way to work. The character of the place makes it the focus of the neighborhood, the hub that binds the whole area together in a casual and intimate setting.1. InteriorWhen one walks in from a busy, hustled street, the first thing that strikes the eye is the somewhat subdued interior with its dark colors and quiet tones. The curtains on the windows keep the light out, making the inside of the shop look shady. A ray of light falls on the counter, playing on the long row of tubs with all kinds of coffee brands and types.To the left are little tables with customers seated at them, sipping their morning coffee in anticipation of a long working day. Although the furniture in the stor e is not new, it retains an elegant look thanks to its good quality, adding an impressive touch to the atmosphere.2. AtmosphereThis is the best place to get coffee in the area, and variety of coffee assortment strikes every visitor. The air is filled with an incredible number of coffee aromas mingled in an unforgettable mixture of nuances. Coffee smells infuse the air, flowing out into the street and mixing with the fresh morning air so that every passer-by even with the eyes closed can say that it is a coffee shop located in the street.The strong smell attracts the visitors into the store, making them expect excellent coffee. At the entrance, one can hear the sounds of busy work as shop assistants rush back and forward packing the coffee, brewing the drink for their clients, and pouring it into steaming cups. The sounds of talking, cups lifted off plates, and assistants working create a lively and energetic atmosphere that in itself helps those fighting with the rest of sleep wake up and brace themselves for the long working day.3. PublicThe people in the shop are from all layers of society. One can see employees from different companies hurrying to their working places, and a few housewives getting coffee for their families. Many seem to know each other and exchange greetings so that the whole place is filled with cheerful, energetic voices. This makes more noise, but since most people are speaking in a quiet manner, it is still comfortable and does not disturb the visitors. It is one of the places where people come for the atmosphere that bonds them together and helps newcomers meet people that live around.ConclusionThe little coffee shop at the corner is an excellent place to start the day, which makes it central to the neighborhood. All sorts of people living around visit it regularly to meet friends and begin their day with a cup of coffee in the circle of friends rather than alone in their kitchens. This makes it a great place and attracts the whole com munity to the area where they can take a break from their daily routines and inhale the aromatic drink with the magic awakening effect.

Development Through the Life Stages Essay

Vocational Context Task 1 & 2. (P2 & P3) Imagine you have been writing about the life of you chosen celebrity for a magazine. The editor of the magazine has now asked you to describe the effect that five life factors have had on two life stages your chosen person has experienced. You will already have found out about some of the experiences your celebrity has had during two stages of their life. Your two stages are most likely to be chosen from childhood, adolescence or adulthood. You now have to imagine how the following factors may have influenced the individual: †¢ the person’s genetic background and early biological experiences †¢ the person’s general environment during these stages †¢ the social and economic circumstances of the individual’s family or carers †¢ the person’s lifestyle or the lifestyle of their family †¢ the impact of major life events. Task 3 (P4, P5, M2, M3, D2) In your role as a reporter for a magazine, you now need to write about the life of your chosen celebrity as they grow older. You must imagine some of the physical and psychological changes that could affect the person in the future. You will also need to explain two theories of ageing such as disengagement and activity theory. The Brief Task 1 (P2) – Written report ( use scenario given) Explain the potential effects of five different life factors, on the development of an individual. Life factors: genetic, eg predisposition to particular conditions, cystic fibrosis, coeliac disease, asthma, brittle bone disease, rheumatic disease; biological, eg foetal alcohol syndrome, maternal infections, effects of diet in pregnancy; environmental, eg exposure to pollution, damp/overcrowded housing, access to recreational facilities, access to health and social care services, bullying, family dysfunction, effects of culture, religion and beliefs, effects of discrimination; socioeconomic, eg income, expenditure, education, values and attitudes, peer groups, employment status; lifestyle, eg nutrition and dietary choices, alcohol intake, use and misuse of substances Task 2 (P3) – Written report Explain the influences of two predictable and two unpredictable major life events on the development of an individual. Major life events: differences in effect of predictable and unpredictable events; eg the birth of a sibling, leaving home, leaving care, leaving prison, serious injury, illness, starting school/nursery, beginning and changing employment, redundancy, bereavement, marriage, parenthood, divorce; the interrelationship between factors Task 3 (P4, P5, M2, M3, D2) (use scenario given in vocational context) Explain two theories of ageing (use scenario given in vocational context) (P4) Discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual (M2) Evaluate the influence of two major theories of ageing on health and social care provision.(D2) Explain the physical and psychological changes which may be associated with ageing.(P5) Discuss the effects on self-esteem and self- confidence of the physical changes associated with ageing. (M3) Physical changes: hormones; menopause; cardiovascular system, eg atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease; respiratory system, eg emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; nervous system, eg motor neurone disease, degeneration of the sense organs, degeneration of the nervous tissue, cognitive changes; muscular-skeletal, eg rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, effects of degenerative disease, muscle wasting due to poor absorption of nutrients; skin, eg loss of elasticity, effects of exposure to ultra violet rays, effects of smoking; the effects of illnesses that are more common in ageing Psychological changes: effects on confidence; effects on self-esteem; effects of ageism; effects of, eg role changes, loss of a partner, retirement, increased leisure time, financial concerns, culture, religion, beliefs; theories of ageing, eg social disengagement, activity theory; application to current health and social care provision Grading Criteria. Evidence What you have to do P2 Explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual Written report Written report Written report You are unlikely to have any genetic or biological information about your celebrity. Even the person you are writing about is unlikely to know much about their own biological background. However you can collect information on general issues associated with genetics and biological influences. For example you could discuss the fact that genetic influences interact with the environment to create people with different body shapes, sizes and personalities. Your research may have given you some information on the person’s past environment, their socioeconomic background, lifestyle and perhaps some of the major life events that happened to them. You can use this information to help assemble a fact file that will explain how these different life factors could have influenced the development of this individual. You may be able to explain how predictable and unpredictable events have influenced this person using the persons own story. If not, then you should try to imagine how events such as starting school or work, and setbacks such as illness or career difficulties, may have influenced the celebrity you are writing about. To achieve P4 you could choose to explain disengagement and activity theory or you could research alternative theories such as continuity theory. P3  Explain the influences of two predictable and two unpredictable major life events on the development of an individual P4 Explain two theories of ageing M2 Discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual Written report To achieve M2 you need to discuss the degree to which your celebrity might disengage or stay actively involved with social activities as they become older. You might like to consider the role of continuity (how important it will be for your celebrity to keep their interests) when you discuss disengagement and activity theory. Evaluate the influence of two major theories of ageing on health and social care provision. Written report To achieve D2 you should evaluate how theories of ageing influence health and social care provision. If your celebrity was being supported at home or in care would they be supported to maintain continuity with their past? Would they be expected to withdraw, or would they be encouraged to remain active in order to prevent excessive disengagement P5 Explain the physical and psychological changes which may be associated with ageing. Written report To achieve P5 it will be important to use creative thinking and consider different possibilities. Some older people may no longer want to appear in public or be photographed. Other people will continue to develop their celebrity status. Some people are celebrities because they have overcome serious difficulties in their lives. These people might cope effectively with the challenges of later life. You can discuss the different possibilities that the future may hold within your fact file M3 Discuss the effects on self-esteem and self- confidence of the physical changes associated with ageing. Written report To achieve M3 you will need to discuss how these changes could affect your celebrity’s self esteem and self confidence

What Xenophobia Is With Examples

What Xenophobia Is With Examples Xenophobia is as ubiquitous as the common cold. It shapes public policy, drives political campaigns and even sparks hate crimes. Yet, the meaning of this multi-syllabic word remains a mystery to many of the people who adopt xenophobic attitudes or find themselves subjected to them. This review of xenophobia illuminates the practice with a definition, contemporary and historical examples and an analysis of how xenophobia intersects with racism. What Xenophobia Is Pronounced zeen-oh-fobe-ee-ah, xenophobia is the fear or contempt of foreign people, places or things. People with this â€Å"fear† are known as xenophobes and the attitudes they have as xenophobic. While phobia refers to fear, xenophobes aren’t scared of foreign people in the same way that a person with arachnophobia fears spiders. Instead, their â€Å"fear† can best be compared to homophobia, as hatred largely drives their repulsion to foreigners.   Xenophobia can occur anywhere. In the United States, known for being the land of immigrants, a number of groups have been the targets of xenophobia, including the Italians, Irish, Poles, Slavs, Chinese, Japanese and a variety of immigrants from Latin America. As a result of xenophobia, immigrants from these backgrounds and others faced discrimination in employment, housing, and other sectors. The U.S. government even passed laws to restrict the number of Chinese nationals in the country and to strip Japanese Americans from the country’s coasts. The Chinese Exclusion Act and Executive Order 9066 More than 200,000 Chinese nationals traveled to the U.S. after the gold rush of 1849. In a three-decade period, they became 9 percent of California’s population and a quarter of the state’s labor force, according to the second volume of America’s History. Although whites excluded the Chinese from higher-wage jobs, the immigrants from the East made a name for themselves in industries such as cigar-making. Before long, white workers came to resent the Chinese and actually threatened to burn the docks from which these newcomers arrived in the U.S. The slogan â€Å"The Chinese Must Go!† became a rallying cry for Californians with anti-Chinese biases. In 1882, Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act to halt the migration of Chinese nationals into the U.S. America’s History describes how xenophobia fueled this decision. â€Å"In other parts of the country, popular racism was directed against African Americans; in California (where blacks were few in number) it found a target in the Chinese. They were an ‘infusible’ element who could not be assimilated into American society, wrote the young journalist Henry George in a famous 1869 letter that made his reputation as a spokesman for California labor. ‘They practice all the unnameable vices of the East. [They are] utter heathens, treacherous, sensual, cowardly and cruel.’† George’s words perpetuate xenophobia by casting the Chinese and their homeland as vice-ridden and, thus, threatening to the U.S. As George framed them, the Chinese were untrustworthy and inferior to Westerners. Such xenophobic opinions not only kept Chinese workers on the sidelines of the labor force and dehumanized them but also led to U.S. lawmakers banning Chinese immigrants from entering the country. The Chinese Exclusion Act is far from the only U.S. legislation passed with xenophobic roots. Just months after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, allowing the federal government to force more than 110,000 Japanese Americans on the West Coast from their homes and into internment camps. He signed the order under the guise that any American of Japanese descent was a potential threat to the U.S., as they could join forces with Japan to commit espionage or other attacks against the country. Historians point out, however, that anti-Japanese sentiment in places such as California fueled the move. The president had no reason to view Japanese Americans as threats, especially since the federal government never linked any such person to espionage or plots against the U.S.   The U.S. appeared to make some headway in its treatment of immigrants in 1943 and 1944, when it, respectively, repealed the Chinese Exclusion Act and allowed Japanese American internees to return to their homes. More than four decades later, President Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, which offered a formal apology to Japanese American internees and a payout of $20,000 to internment camp survivors. It took until June 2012 for the U.S. House of Representatives to pass a resolution apologizing for the Chinese Exclusion Act. Proposition 187 and SB 1070 Xenophobic public policy isn’t limited to the anti-Asian legislation of America’s past. More recent laws, such as California’s Proposition 187 and Arizona’s SB 1070, have also been labeled xenophobic for striving to create a sort of police state for undocumented immigrants in which they’d constantly be under scrutiny and denied basic social services. Named the Save Our State initiative, Prop. 187 aimed to bar undocumented immigrants from receiving public services such as education or medical treatment. It also mandated teachers, healthcare workers, and others to report individuals they suspected of being undocumented to the authorities. Although the ballot measure passed with 59 percent of the vote, federal courts later struck it down for being unconstitutional. Sixteen years after the controversial passage of California’s Prop. 187, the Arizona legislature passed SB 1070, which required police to check the immigration status of anyone they suspected to be in the country illegally. This mandate, predictably, led to concerns about racial profiling. In 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court ultimately gutted some parts of the law, including the provision allowing police to arrest immigrants without probable cause and the provision making it a state crime for unauthorized immigrants not to carry registration papers at all times. The high court, however, left in the provision allowing authorities to check a person’s immigration status while enforcing other laws if they have reasonable cause to believe the individuals reside in the U.S. illegally. While that marked a small victory for the state, Arizona suffered a highly publicized boycott because of its immigration policy. The city of Phoenix lost $141 million in tourism revenue as a result, according to the Center for American Progress.   How Xenophobia and Racism Intersect Xenophobia and racism often coexist. While whites have been targets of xenophobia, such whites usually fall into the â€Å"white ethnic† category- Slavs, Poles, Jews. In other words, they’re not white Anglo-Saxon Protestants, the Western Europeans historically deemed as desirable whites. In the early 20th century, prominent whites expressed fear that white ethnics were reproducing at higher rates than the WASP population. In the 21st century, such fears continue to be raised. Roger Schlafly, son of Phyllis Schlafly, founder of the conservative political group Eagle Forum,  Ã‚  expressed his dismay in 2012 about a New York Times article that covered the rise of the Latino birthrate and the dip in the white birthrate. He lamented the growing number of immigrants with little in common with the 1950s American family, which he describes as â€Å"happy, self-sufficient, autonomous, law-abiding, honorable, patriotic, hard-working.†   In contrast, according to Schlafly, Latino immigrants are transforming the U.S. to its detriment. They â€Å"do not share those values, and †¦ have high rates of illiteracy, illegitimacy, and gang crime, and they will vote Democrat when the Democrats promise them more food stamps.† In short, because Latinos aren’t 1950s WASPs, they must be bad news for the U.S. Just as blacks have been characterized as welfare dependent, Schlafly argues that Latinos are too and will flock to Democrats for â€Å"food stamps.† Wrapping Up While white ethnics, Latinos and other immigrants of color face negative stereotypes, Americans typically hold Western Europeans in high regard. They praise the British for being cultured and refined and the French for their cuisine and fashion. Immigrants of color, however, routinely fight off the idea that they’re inferior to whites. They lack intelligence and integrity or bring disease and crime into the country, xenophobes claim. Sadly, more than 100 years after the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act, xenophobia remains prevalent in U.S. society.

Accounting report Essays

Accounting report Essays Accounting report Essay Accounting report Essay Thus, indicating an inefficient cost management and a weak pricing strategy adopted by Codex. Liquidity appears to be a challenging issue for Codex and Compass. Both companies, clearly, are undergoing a competition of growth through acquisition of subsidiaries which had a negative impact on the liquidity in both companies. Nevertheless, Codexs long trade receivables settlement period has even worsen the companys liquidity. Seeking a better image visit- ¤-visit its rival Compass, Codex has increased its dividends pay out on the account of its liquidity, thus, relying on borrowing rather than operating activities. This is explained by the high financial gearing ratio that has not en translated to an increase in the companys profitability, a short sighted strategy that should be reconsidered by the board. Recommendations: 1 . Focus on maximizing profit from operations, 2. Reevaluate the entire trade receivables strategy that appears to be performing inefficiently, 3. Maintain a correlation between the amount dividends pay out and the operating profit margin. This report compares Codexs performance to that of its peer Compass based on the financial ratios, profitability, efficiency, liquidity, financial gearing and investment. In addition to that, it emphasizes on the areas that appear to be in need of improvement. Appendix 1 gives an overview for all the ratios where Appendix 2 details all the ratio calculations in addition to the assumptions considered to calculate them with highlights on the most relevant ratios to the purpose of this analysis. The report assumes the validity and accuracy of all the financial figures offered in the annual reports offered by Codex and Compass. 3. ANALYSIS The financial ratios provide the evaluation and the quantification metrics to measure the performance of businesses. Codex and Compass are roughly the same size and eave roughly the same geographical split. In this competitive environment, Codex must consider its performance in relation to that of the other firms operating in the same industry where success depends on the ability to achieve a comparable level of performance. 3. 1 PROFITABILITY Codex announced sales revenues of  ¬mamma in the 12 months ended August 31 , profitability analysis revealed that this revenue has not been translated into real profit. The Return on Capital Employed ratio, that expresses the relationship between the operating profit and the long terms funds (equity and borrowings) invested in the equines, has declined for Codex from 13. 89% in 2009 to 12. 4% in 2010, whilst for Compass, the same ratio has increased from 19. 15% 2009 / 19. 6% 2010. Codex has reported a flat profit margin in 2009 and 2010 (5. 1%), a figure that is almost one-quarter lower than of Compass whose margin has grown from 6. 5% 2009 to 6. 8% 2010. The operating profit margin measures how much of a companys revenue is left over, before taxes and other indirect costs, for paying the variable costs of production. The low operating margin indicates an inefficient cost management and a weak pricing strategy adopted by Codex. Its operating expenses increased to  ¬14,mom in 2010, as compared to  ¬13,mom in 20093. Codex should definitely consider the improvement of its profitability figures in order not to lose investors to its rival Compass that enjoys a much more profitable image. 3. Efficiency The efficiency ratios measure the efficiency by which particular resources are used within the business. Codexs average settlement period for trade receivables has increased from 67. 82 days in 2009 to 74. 56 days in 2010 where the same figure for its rival Compass has slightly increased from 45. 16 days in 2009 to 46. 7 days 2010. Thus, Codexs average settlement period for trade receivables is almost 63% higher than that of its peer Comp ass. It is obvious from those figures that Codexs is being inefficient in its trade receivables management. A long trade receivable average settlement period would have a negative impact on the companys cash flow and decreases its profitability on the long run. The Sales Revenue to Capital Employed ratio that relates the sales revenue generated during a period to the capital employed in the business puts Compass (2. 96 times in 2009 / 2. 88 times in 2010) well ahead of Codex (2. 3 times in 2009 / 2. 52 times in 2010). Aligned with the Return on Capital Employed ratio mentioned in the section above, Codex appears to be less efficient. 3. LIQUIDITY The Acid Test ratio measures the ability of a company to use its available cash to retire its current liabilities. The higher the ratio the more the business is considered to be. Both Codex and Compass have maintained an acid test ratio below one in the past two years, thus, creating a worrying situation for their short term claimants. This liquidity problem could be explained by the fact that both companies have been The Cash Generated from Opera tions ratio, provides an indication of the ability of the business to meet its maturing obligations. The analysis of this ratio puts Compass in a better position ahead of Codex confirming an alarming decline in the Codexs ability to meet its obligations from its operating cash flow. 3. 4 FINANCIAL GEARING Codex appears to have a higher financial gearing ratio compared to that of Compass. 2010, Codex: 54% / Compass: 38. 72%. In effect, this shows that Codex is more dependent in its growth on borrowing than on its shareholders investments, unlike Compass that appears to favor a low leverage for growth. Some investors might, however, believe that Codex with its slightly higher leverage will benefit more from the global economic growth. Looking at the interest cover ratio, that determines how easily a company can pay interest on outstanding debt. It is quite obvious that Compass generates more operational profit to interest obligations than Codex. Codexs low interest cover ratio (5. 07 times in 2009 and 5. 47 times in 2010) compared to that of Compass (7. 84 times in 2009 and 13. 11 times in 2010). This gives Compass a more robust image, ND less burdened by debt expenses than does Codex. . 5 INVESTMENT Looking at the dividend yield ratio that compares the cash return from a stock to its current stock market value. Codexs dividend yield has significantly declined from 3. 26% in 2009 to 2. 57% in 2010 where that of Compass has slightly declined from 3. 45% in 2009 to 3. 3% in 2010 maintaining a higher value than that of Codex. Nevertheless, in order to satisfy its shareholders, Codex h as maintained a slightly higher dividend payout in the past 2 fiscal years, around 50%, than that of Compass, around 38% for the same period. CONCLUSION In the light of the analysis above, it is clear that Compass has a higher profitable image than Codex. It is also clear that Codex is less capable of generating cash from its operating activities would have negative consequences on the companys ability to pay back its shareholders on the long run. Clearly, both companies are undergoing a competition of organic growth through acquisition of subsidiaries which has created a liquidity problem in both companies, where Compass appears to be more capable of generated cash from its operations than does Codex. Codexs long settlement period for trade receivables even worsens its liquidity. Pay out on the account of liquidity by relying on borrowing rather than paying from its cash generated from operating activities. 5. RECOMMENDATIONS The analysis and the conclusions stated above require the board of Codex to consider the following recommendations: Operating Profit Margin efficiency of its cost management and the strength of its pricing strategy. Receivables Codexs notable long settlement period of the trade receivables requires its board to reconsider the companys overall receivables management strategy.

Grab Attention with LinkedIn GIFs, Images, Videos, and Emojis

Grab Attention with LinkedIn GIFs, Images, Videos, and Emojis This morning I woke up to what appeared to be the new face of LinkedIn. Instead of my profile as I’ve become accustomed to seeing it, with member photos nicely centered on the page, this new image appeared: You may have noticed this change as well. Sigh†¦ so much for all that careful placement of the background image! LinkedIn is at it again. I do like the menu on the right, where a member’s contact info is easy to access. In your own profile, you can click on â€Å"See connections† rather than hunt around for that option (note that in a different member’s profile, you will only see the number of connections, not a link to view them). The option to â€Å"Add a profile section† from your own profile is much easier to find as well. I also like that more of the summary is visible now than in the previous update. You have three lines instead of two to communicate your value proposition and entice people to read more. We all know that â€Å"the only thing that is constant is change† (Heraclitus), and this adage is especially true when it comes to social media platforms. Yet no matter how well we understand this truth, change still catches us off guard. This one gave me a bit of a shock, as it looks like I will need to replace the images in my book very soon. Other changes to the visual experience of LinkedIn have been afoot since my last update in December 2017. Here’s some of what’s been evolving on LinkedIn in 2018. Video in Groups and Posts LinkedIn has improved the sharing experience in groups and article posts by allowing videos. To post a video in a group, Start a conversation with your group by clicking in the details field and pasting in the URL of the video. You may need to add a space after pasting in the URL to see the video populate the preview field below. Once the preview is in place, you can delete the ugly URL and give your post a title and further details if you like. To post a video in an article, go to your home page, and then enter a URL in the box that says â€Å"Share an article, photo, video or idea.† Or, click on â€Å"Video† to attach a file from your computer. Images in Comments When you comment on an article, there’s now an option to increase visual appeal by adding a photo. An image can draw more attention to your comment, so go for it! Click on the camera icon and attach any photo from your files. Note that you cant post an image only; you must also leave a written comment. Here’s what your image might look like in a conversation: LinkedIn GIFs LinkedIn has for some reason implemented GIFs in their messaging. I personally am anti-GIF, and I don’t think they belong anywhere, much less on a business platform. However, there are many people who disagree with me, and if you want to use GIFs in more casual interactions on LinkedIn, have fun! Just click the GIF option below your message and type in a search term.      Ã‚   For more details on using LinkedIn GIFs, read LinkedIn Official Blogs article Make Conversations More Engaging with GIFs in Messaging. Emojis You can now use colorful characters in your Headline, as well as in most sections and titles in your LinkedIn profile. If you want to add some visual appeal, an appropriate emoji can be a bold addition. Note that not all symbols will render in color once youve updated, so you may need to experiment. Also, this function might not work on all computers or browsers, so some viewers may see an empty box instead of the symbol you chose. I would personally recommend sticking to Unicode characters to be safe. Have fun! Have you noticed any other changes to the visual face of LinkedIn? Do you have questions I can answer? Please share in the comments! If youd like live, personal feedback from me on your profile, I offer a 20-minute LinkedIn Profile Review special for just $75. I look forward to scheduling a call with you!

Historical Film Movement Film Noir as the Forerunner of the Present- Essay

Historical Film Movement Film Noir as the Forerunner of the Present-day Crime and Action Movies - Essay Example He presented a different kind of suspense thriller and was the first to attract attention from French film critics. His films presented the audience the flaws of the characters. He created the first psychological thrillers, one of them was Psycho, released in the 1960s. Psycho is based on the story of a serial killer named Ed Gein who was featured in a novel by Robert Bloch (1998). The term ‘psycho’ refers to the psychological state of a criminal, or someone who has committed or is about to commit a crime without consciously knowing it. Movies based on serial killing have been popular, but in the 60s, there were a few serial killings, one of these was perpetrated by the notorious Ed Gein (also one of the inspirations for the character of Hannibal Lector). Hitchcock bought the rights to the novel for $9,000.00. We can see at the start of the movie the use of shadows and windows. Marion and Sam peer out of the window through the blinds. Some other props used are stuffed birds’ shadows as they loom over Marion as she eats, and the perpetrator of the killing – the ‘mother’ – is seen in only shadows. Mirrors are used, reflecting the character Marion as she packs, later her face in the policeman’s sunglasses, and her hands as she counts out the money. Janet Leigh’s character Marion Crane is an effectively realized character, one who shares similarities with Norman Bates. Both are on the run – she, literally, from her past, and Norman from the present and future – and both have secrets. Marion’s secret has to do with the contents of her purse which contains a stack of bills that belong to her boss. Norman’s secret concerns the contents of his house, a spooky old hilltop mansion overlooking the Bates Motel in which Norman’s long-dead mother continues to reside, barking orders and hurling insults at her wayward son. One of the memorable scenes of Psycho is the shower scene which became controversial during Hitchcock’s time, but for which earned him the reputation as the maker of valuable film noirs.

Uprising of Syria Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Uprising of Syria - Research Paper Example The questions, which arise from the crisis in Syria, are the nature of the Syrian conflicts, the relationship between a civil war and a revolution and whether the crisis in Syria overshadows a revolution (hill). Nature of conflicts in Syria The crisis in Syria cannot be classified as purely sectarian as the international and the local media try to classify it. This classification of the Syrian conflicts as sectarian is as a result of the failure of the media personalities to understand Syrians or generally Arabs in other terms, which do not identify them as sectarian. A sectarian conflict can only be described as one that lies outside a country's history and does not depend on any social and economic factors. Sectarian conflicts are often referred to as religious conflicts and are static. The Syrian situation is similar to the case of Spanish civil war, Yemen civil war and the revolution that occurred in Libya. The main cause of the Syrian civil war is as a result of the uprising of the Syrian citizens against a class of individuals whose main goal is to enslave others. According to McMahon in his article on crisis in Syria, he describes the cause of the continued crisis is mainly as a result of disunity among different religious and ethnic group. This makes it more difficult to find a concrete solution to these crises (Macmahon). US president is quoted in solidarity magazine saying, â€Å"The crisis in Syria should be solved through a meditation led by international community†. This implies that international communities like the United Nations should initiate the process of mediation in order to find long term solutions to the...Moghadam in her article on Syria crisis and prospects quotes the UN secretary general saying, â€Å"We need to come up with an immediate solution to these uprisings†. On this has seen some of the nations like the United States of America and Britain argue that it is crucial to intervene in the crisis in Syria, while othe r nations like Russia and France arguing otherwise (Moghadam). The Syrian uprising has attracted attention from every nation across the world given the fact that Syria was once considered as the most peaceful and stable Arab country in the world. Different leaders across the world have varying opinions on the crisis in Syria. Some view it as a civil war while others view it as a revolution which involves political forces. The Syrian crisis should so far be classified as civil war since the government is fighting against a well organized rebel gang â€Å"Sunnis† which was possibly established during the initial uprisings. Most revolutions bare some aspects of civil war; however some aspects of civil war cannot be overlooked during a civil war as in the case of the Syrian revolution which has turned out to be a civil war. In conclusion, the crises in Syria originate mainly from the internal factors and forces. The major internal cause of the crisis is the government of Syria, which triggered the initial demonstration through infringing the rights of its citizen.

Political and Economic Transition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Political and Economic Transition - Essay Example They are usually granted by the government to the maker of a product and the government thereby, promises the company to restrict others to use the same process or produce the same product. Another way of preventing piracy is to use such unique production methods which are very difficult to be copied. For instance movies are now available on Blu-ray discs and it is nearly impossible to make a copy of them without a standard Blu-ray writer. And Blu-ray writers are very expensive, thereby limiting the chances of pirating movies. Another possible way is to take action against pirates or those who are involved in mass piracy. The American Immigration and Customs enforcement undertook a massive crackdown in 2010 and shut down the famous video hosting website called Ninja Video. One more popular instance of a crackdown on pirates was when a US court ordered the famous P2P (peer to peer) software giant LimeWire from taking its service off the internet. Q. Increased digital communication may pose a threat to intellectual property because technology enables people to create perfect clones of original works. How do you think the internet affects intellectual property laws? A. The internet is a great facility which has facilitated people throughout the world with its technological advancements and things available online. However it is also the most successful medium to be used by people involved in piracy. Intellectual property can be described as property that can be protected under a nation’s law including copyright ideas, discoveries, inventions and works. There is a lot of information available on the internet that can easily be downloaded, copied and shared. The ease with which such information can be copied and distributed has become a nightmare for the creators/makers of such information. With so little protection available to the creators of information, they fear a massive fall in their income. An author’s income is based upon the number of his books

What function does religion play in human society Why is religion Essay

What function does religion play in human society Why is religion Universal Is there an evolutionary explanation or a social phenomenon - Essay Example It also explores the reasons why human society appears to be so fond of religious expressions, looking at both evolutionary and social explanations for its popularity. There are many religions in the world, and they can appear very different to observers, but they share three main features in common: there is faith in something supernatural; there is a system of beliefs that adherents sign up to, and there is a set of ritual behaviors which believers follow as a way of expressing their religion (Palomar College, 2011). These things work together to help people formulate a world view, in which there is meaning and purpose. Human beings have a high intelligence compared to other animals, and religion appears to be both a result of the ability to reason with an advanced brain, and of the need to have explanations for things so that future actions can be properly planned. It could be, then, that religion serves an evolutionary purpose, in helping people to understand the environment and adapt to its changes. Its universality is due to the way that the human mind works, seeking out answers to things. This curiosity and search for understanding lies behind human progress through different stages of technology and is a fundamental feature of the homo sapiens species. This evolutionary explanation shows that the first function that religion plays in human society is therefore â€Å"to provide a sense of order in what might otherwise be seen as a chaotic existence.† (Palomar College, 2011) Religion provides a collective framework which people use to interpret inexplicable events like natural disasters or the changing seasons. The supernatural dimension arises because human beings know that their own power and understanding is limited, and that there are forces far bigger and stronger than they are. Religion is needed to explain how human beings fit into the universe around them. This has a dual function, first in providing a connection between humans and these gr eater forces, and secondly in allowing people to harness these powers and let them affect their daily lives: â€Å"religion tunes human actions to an envisaged cosmic order and projects images of cosmic order onto the plane of human experience† (Geertz, p. 90) This binds human beings to their environment more closely and explains why so many religions have connections with the sky, the sun and weather phenomena. By developing a set of beliefs around these phenomena, people make them more comprehensible, and less frightening. This is a psychological need which minimizes stress, and provides some security for people who could otherwise feel afraid and lost in a world that can bring unexpected events at any moment. The first and most important reason for the universal existence of religion in human societies is therefore the evolutionary advantage that it gives, but the second reason has more to do with the way that human beings live in social groups. Forming groups appears to b e a common behavior in many different animal types, and these groups create safety in numbers against predators and a hostile environment. One of the ways that groups determine the boundaries between one another is to have different cultures, or ways of doing things. Religions are an important way of forming groups. Many of the rituals that religions have are initiation rituals, such as circumcision, baptism, trials of faith, etc. which demonstrate who has become a member of the group and who has not. Following the rituals of religion binds the

Forensic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Forensic - Essay Example The modern world is experiencing more sophisticated criminal activities that use technology to hide the identity. One of the commonly used method in crime propagation is the use of typewritten documents. Printed documents are used for criminal purposes such as communication, threatening, or soliciting ransom. Investigators thus face a dilemma on how to track the suspects. However, locating the machine used in printing or photocopying the documents is critical in narrowing the search area. Several methods are used to identify the machine that printed a particular document. The machines are traced from the unique characteristics of their output. Some of the characteristics include; paper banding due to variations in speeds of toner cartridges, marks from feed system, graphic marks put by specific printers and identification of indentations using Electrostatic Detection Device (EDD). According to Chiang et al. (2004) printer prices have enormously dropped, and almost everyone can afford one. However, the manufacturers of these printing machines lower the quality of the machines to reduce costs of production. Changes are visible in aspects such as plastics gears that move the toner cartridge. The cartridge gears are also never uniform making toners cartridges run at different speeds. Every printer or photocopiers have unique toning pattern as a result of toner morphology and chemical composition (Girard, 2013). Forensic experts are thus able to determine the machine used in printing or photocopying a paper. As noted, the variability in cartridge speeds inhibits accuracy of the toner. The photoconductor is subsequently rotated at different speeds. The situation leads to uneven detection of text or image with certain parts being darker and others lighter. The phenomenon is called banding and is common in printers and photocopiers that use rotation beams.

What function does religion play in human society Why is religion Essay

What function does religion play in human society Why is religion Universal Is there an evolutionary explanation or a social phenomenon - Essay Example It also explores the reasons why human society appears to be so fond of religious expressions, looking at both evolutionary and social explanations for its popularity. There are many religions in the world, and they can appear very different to observers, but they share three main features in common: there is faith in something supernatural; there is a system of beliefs that adherents sign up to, and there is a set of ritual behaviors which believers follow as a way of expressing their religion (Palomar College, 2011). These things work together to help people formulate a world view, in which there is meaning and purpose. Human beings have a high intelligence compared to other animals, and religion appears to be both a result of the ability to reason with an advanced brain, and of the need to have explanations for things so that future actions can be properly planned. It could be, then, that religion serves an evolutionary purpose, in helping people to understand the environment and adapt to its changes. Its universality is due to the way that the human mind works, seeking out answers to things. This curiosity and search for understanding lies behind human progress through different stages of technology and is a fundamental feature of the homo sapiens species. This evolutionary explanation shows that the first function that religion plays in human society is therefore â€Å"to provide a sense of order in what might otherwise be seen as a chaotic existence.† (Palomar College, 2011) Religion provides a collective framework which people use to interpret inexplicable events like natural disasters or the changing seasons. The supernatural dimension arises because human beings know that their own power and understanding is limited, and that there are forces far bigger and stronger than they are. Religion is needed to explain how human beings fit into the universe around them. This has a dual function, first in providing a connection between humans and these gr eater forces, and secondly in allowing people to harness these powers and let them affect their daily lives: â€Å"religion tunes human actions to an envisaged cosmic order and projects images of cosmic order onto the plane of human experience† (Geertz, p. 90) This binds human beings to their environment more closely and explains why so many religions have connections with the sky, the sun and weather phenomena. By developing a set of beliefs around these phenomena, people make them more comprehensible, and less frightening. This is a psychological need which minimizes stress, and provides some security for people who could otherwise feel afraid and lost in a world that can bring unexpected events at any moment. The first and most important reason for the universal existence of religion in human societies is therefore the evolutionary advantage that it gives, but the second reason has more to do with the way that human beings live in social groups. Forming groups appears to b e a common behavior in many different animal types, and these groups create safety in numbers against predators and a hostile environment. One of the ways that groups determine the boundaries between one another is to have different cultures, or ways of doing things. Religions are an important way of forming groups. Many of the rituals that religions have are initiation rituals, such as circumcision, baptism, trials of faith, etc. which demonstrate who has become a member of the group and who has not. Following the rituals of religion binds the

Sandmoor Estate Limited Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Sandmoor Estate Limited - Article Example Making an idea actually work could not have been possible without the grace of God, prayers of our parents and support from our friends. Due credit goes to Ms. Aliya Saleem for being such a supportive course instructor as well as a source of information whenever needed. Without her guidance and timely feedback this report could not have been materialized. The company is working well as compared to previous year. However, when an isolated ratio analysis was done, it was revealed that still financial position of the company is not appreciable. Moreover, few discrepancies also exist. Like use of multiple depreciation methods, unclear or incorrect figure of the number of shares, this leads to false ratio analysis of earning per share. Thus it is recommended that the figures should be clearly stated and discrepancies should be avoided. Auditing, though not mandatory in this case, should be done to gain confidence of the stakeholders rapidly. The secondary stage comprises of the discussion about the company with the seniors and the colleagues to get their perspective about the same. Internet research was also done to identify potential weaknesses and their solutions. We tried to study the annual report of the firm under observation from different angles. There are different methods for studying these reports and analyzing it, like ratio analysis and horizontal analysis etc. Each of the method has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, the horizontal method is highly affected by the previous year's performances. Moreover, the micro and macro environment may also vary from one year ot another, the industry situations may also change. To overcome this, we have used the ratio analysis method. Ratio analysis takes the ratios of the quantities of the same year, so there are no chances of the effect of changing environment on the one side of the equation. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: The accounting year of the Sandmoor Estates Limited starts at December 1 and ends on November 30 every year. The financial statements are prepared on annual basis. These statements preparation occupies a key position in the financial arena of the organization. These statements not only serves the purpose of

Sociological Imagination Essay Example for Free

Sociological Imagination Essay The blackboard website will be unavailable between 7PM to midnight on June 29th for maintenance, so please make sure you upload it before 7 PM. Do not wait till last minute. Late assignments will result point deduction or even a zero essay grade. Format: Please submit an electronic word file named â€Å"your full name essay 1†, such as â€Å"JohnSmithessay1†, through blackboard on time. This essay should be 3-4 pages in total, double spaced, 11 point font. Do not directly copy and paste your assignment on blackboard! Choose to attach your assignment word file. Late assignments are not going to be accepted. The sociological imagination enables individuals to see the intimate relationship between the events of history as they occur in human societies and the events of an individuals or familys biography. wrote C. Wright Mills. In this assignment, you are to write up an Essay explaining the connections between your family biography and historical events over the past 50 years. Choose one family members of yours to focus on, such as your grandparents, you parents, your brothers and sisters, or you. Reflect on his or her life and think about how his/her life trajectory is intertwined with the historical changes in the country that you are from. The purpose of this assignment is to for you to apply the sociological imagination to analyze the profound influence that historical and societal contexts have on lives of individuals. Please make sure that you fulfill the following requirements: Clearly state what the personal events are. Explain how these personal events in your family are related to or affected by some of the historical events you listed. Explain in your own words what the sociological imagination is and whether/how it has helped you to better understand the life experiences of your family members. You can refer to the first assigned reading to answer these questions. Before you start your essay, you can do the following exercise on a piece of paper. Please do not include the time line drawing in your essay! It is just used for you to better conceptualize your essay. Draw a time line that begins in the 1960 and ends at the 2013. Above the line you are to identify in chronological order three significant events and/or transitions in the life of you or your family members (such events or transitions are like births, graduations, marriages, divorces, employment changes, income changes, geographic mobility, employment changes, or other changes you can think of). Next, think about the historical and social contexts underlying this particular individual’s life trajectory. What historical or societal events have affected his/her path or life? What historical or societal factors have influenced the important decisions he/she made in his/her life? Below the line identify in chronological order some of these important historical events. Write down the historical events and the time period it occurred or lasted. Such events in the United States include, are not limited to, World War II, the Cold War, the Korean War, the Civil Rights and Womens movements, the Vietnam War, the recession of the 1980s, and etc. Please do not be limited by the events I list here. You are free to choose some historical events that are less well known (such as the development of colon technology, tea party movement and etc.) but you think are influential in your life or the life of the family member that you chose. After you have decided which family member and life events to focus on, write an essay on the relationships between these personal events and some the important historical events in your country. Please note: I am not asking you to write what you or your family were thinking or doing on the day of 911 or the inauguration day of president Obama. You are supposed to write about how these historical events substantially shaped the life trajectory of the particular individual you chose. Your essay will be graded based on how well you answered each question and the overall quality of your assignment. I strongly recommend you read the grading rubric in the appendix carefully before you start. Please organize your thoughts and arguments, present them in a logical manner and explain them in detail. Please proof read papers for typographical and grammatical errors. Appendix 1: excerpts of other students assignments as example The following are some examples from other students assignments. Please learn from them how to apply the sociological perspective to your own life events but do not be constrained by them. (1) During World War II my family underwent some great changes. My grandmother took a second job, working in the woolen mills making army blankets. My grandfather joined the marines and moved his whole family from Ohio to California It was during this time that my grandparents divorced. Divorces are higher during any period of dramatic economic change. Although Im sure my grandparents blamed themselves, their divorce was a product of the economy and society. The same theory holds true for my parents. When they divorced, they blamed themselves, wondering what each had done wrong, as I did. When I look at what was happening in the economy, the similarities [with my grandparents] are easy to see. The nation- wide divorce rate was up dramatically and the economy was beginning to take a terrible turn for the worse. (2)When people ask me why I enrolled in college a year ago, I usually answered that I enrolled because I wanted to. I realize now that my answer cannot be quite that simple. Because my family doctor believed that the pill was finally proven safe in 1963, I was able to plan my family. In doing so, my son and daughter are nearly raised and I am still young enough to pursue a second career. More than any other factor, though, the womens movement probably was the greatest influence on my decision. The successes of the movement in social equality have given me the necessary courage and confidence to attempt to be more than a mere shadow of my husbands social position. Appendix 2: grading rubric Sociological Understanding (40%) The essay should apply key sociological concepts, ideas, theories learned in class correctly and properly to analyze related topics. Assertions in the essay must be supported by evidence (from texts or from data) that is logically related to the thesis. Coverage (30%) The essay must be clearly based on readings and topics related to the course. Essays that are simple summaries of sources are adequate, but will not get the highest grades. The essay should answer all the required questions in the essay guideline. If you fail to answer any questions, some points will be deducted. However, you should organize the essay in a way that it flows smoothly. Do not just list your answers to each question. Originality (10%) The essay should be original. Originality does not mean that you must be the first to think or write something, but that you take different sources and write about them using your point of view. Originality is entailed in taking your sources and forging them into an essay in your voice. Summarizing sources will be adequate, but not very original. Papers written by you and previously submitted to other courses are not original for this course. Such recycled papers will get a failing grade. Copying directly from internet without citing properly is considered plagiarism and will result in a failing grade. What is plagiarism? Writing Quality (10%) Words and constructions should be chosen with care. Statements should be direct and clear.w The essay should contain no errors of sentence structure, spelling, word choice, or punctuation. If you have difficulty writing or English is your second language you should tell me at the beginning of the semester. Im not a writing teacher, but I will do what I can to help you become a better writer. You should also seek help at the Writing Center. Every paper must have a title and the authors name, either at the top of the first page or on a separate title page. All citations and references must be in ASA, APA or MLA format. The general tone of the essay should be academic and professional. Good writing often sounds like well-organized thoughtful conversation. I do not want you to imitate the turgid academic writing found in some sociology journals. I want you to write with a level of sophistication appropriate for well-educated college students.

Autonomous midwifery practice safeguards childbearing womens health

Autonomous midwifery practice safeguards childbearing womens health In 1902 The Midwives Act was introduced and the main reason was to protect women from those birth attendants who were unqualified. The Midwives Institute (now the RCM), encouraged the Act as they wanted to raise the status of the profession and open it up to more middle class women. The Act established the Central Midwives Board, after much changing we know this now to be the NMC. The Central Midwives Board created rules and standards that Midwives had to follow and supervision was introduced. Although, Clarke (2004) agrees that women benefited by having a qualified midwife, she argues that the Act actually took away Midwives autonomy, and midwives had to accept having their practice defined and restricted by Doctors. The midwives institute it seems also happily agreed the division between midwives work and doctors work, again showing that midwives were subservient to the medicine (Clarke 2004). The NMCs main function is to protect the public by maintaining a register of practicing Midwives Autonomy can be defined as : à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. the right of self government, the ability of the Midwife to practice on her own responsibility for women in normal pregnancy and childbirth. Winson McDonald (2005) p22. Thompson (2004)suggests that autonomy or self-determination is a key value to midwifery and one that should be expanded so that it includes both the midwives right to practice decisions and the mothers right to decide the care that she wants (p50). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2008) also demands that you [Nurses Midwives] are personally accountable for actions and omissions in your practice and must always be able to justify your actions. This is reaffirmed in the NMC (2004) Midwives Rules and Standards when it advises that practice should be based on best available evidence and we are accountable for our own practice accountability cannot be taken from us from another practitioner and accountability cannot be given to us from another practitioner p17. Ledward (2004) reminds us that autonomy should not be limitless, midwives should work within their own personal competence. If a woman is low risk and uncomplicated then obstetrics should not interfere. Although Myles (p7 ref properly) agrees, they go on to advise that autonomy is not about creating professional boundaries or exerting powers to protect what they see if their territory does this mean that we shouldnt be autonomous Drivers for safeguarding Changing Childbirth Changing Childbirth was based on the principle of autonomy, it expanded the midwives professional autonomy and the main focus was that care should be woman centred (Ledward 2004). Deery Kirkham (2006) try to advise why the teams that were set up after Changing Childbirth did not work. Caroline Flints team who were the focus of a know your midwife (KYM) scheme, had worked as a team for a while and each person had a strength so their dynamics were successful. When teams were created during the NHS Deery Kirkham suggest that no thought was given to the team environment and as such midwives were quite anxious and felt demotivated and demoralized. These midwives, who were meant to provide support to the women in their care, were not supported in their working environment. It was apparent that the focus was on finances and not on the women. This was echoed by Clarke (2004) who suggests that changing childbirth wasnt accepted by midwives as they felt unprepared and unwilling to accept th e new level of responsibility (p227) Maternity Matters As a driver to safeguard childbearing and womens health, it seems appropriate to say what they advice autonomous to mean. Autonomy means having the freedom to act on behalf of childbearing women and work in partnership, have knowledge and capability to provide continuous care for straightforward pregnancies as well as having a working relationship with other members of the healthcare team. Do you agree The executive summary advised its aim was to develop a patient-led NHS that uses available resources as effectively and fairly as possible to promote health, reduce health inequalities and deliver the best and safest health care. It also advised that there should be National choice guarantees:- 1. Choice of how to access maternity care 2. Choice of type of antenatal care 3. Choice of place of birth homebirth birth in local facility , inc hospital, with MLC birth in hospital with maternity team 4. Choice of postnatal care. Is it happening anywhere? The Prime Ministers Commission on the future of Nursing and Midwifery in England It drew on systematic reviews conducted in OECD countries with broadly comparable health systems and nursing/midwifery roles; 17 of the 32 reviews looked at studies from the UK. It only included studies where it could be ascertained what was being done and by whom, and to what other types of care nursing and midwifery was compared (no intervention, different models of nursing or midwifery care, or care from other health professionals).Can easily be interpreted as a revision of Maternity Matters and NSF Children, Young People and Maternity Services and Changing Childbirth. The Commission was launched by the Prime Minister on 10 March 2009, and was asked to report by the end of March 2010. It was highlighted early on that there was room for improvement in maternity services; there were unnecessary medical interventions, limited choices limited involvement in decision making for women. The commission called for views off people and in 4 months their independent website had had 14000 hits. They received 2500 views, but this was from organisations on behalf of their members and individuals. Most people understood the role of the midwife in relation to maternity, however, many worryingly, believed that the doctor input was necessary even in normal pregnancy. They reviewed existing effectiveness ( cost effectiveness) drew on rapid systematic reviews and the findings for midwifery was positive! Midwife led care for low risk women compared to dr led care appears to improve a range of maternal outcomes. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬Å"no of procedures in labour and à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ satisfaction with care. No evidence of any adverse outcomes associated with MLC. They have proposed a pledge to be taken on under the NHS constitution, which they believe after interpreting the feedback, renew the sense of civic responsibility and provide guidance on handling the impact of economic pressures on health services. The guiding principles of the NHS are underpinned by core values derived from extensive discussions with staff, patients and public. These values are: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ respect and dignity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ commitment to quality of care à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ compassion à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ improving lives à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ working together for patients à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ everyone counts. Evaluation of midwifery Our commissioned review found evidence of the benefits of midwifery in three systematic reviews conducted in the UK, Switzerland and the USA that compared midwife-led care during pregnancy and after birth with doctor-led care (Caird et al. 2010). No evidence of a difference between providers was found for infant outcomes. Midwife-led care demonstrated better maternal outcomes than doctorled care with respect to pregnancy-induced hypertension, spontaneous vaginal birth and breastfeeding initiation, and less intervention, in terms of instrumental deliveries, episiotomies, use of analgesia and anaesthesia. Women receiving midwife-led care were less likely to experience antenatal hospitalization and fetal monitoring in labour. Midwife-led care was beneficial in terms of service users satisfaction and perception of care, and was more likely than doctor-led care to result in attendance at birth by a known midwife. There was no evidence of a difference between providers with respect to some other maternal outcomes and interventions, including Caesarean sections. The mean number of antenatal visits and duration of postnatal stay did not differ between providers. Other studies support this evidence that midwife-led care for low-risk women, when compared to doctor-led care, appears to improve a range of maternal outcomes, reduce the number of procedures in labour, and increase satisfaction with care. The narrower scope and more specific expected outcomes of midwifery make its socioeconomic case easier to construct. The challenge is not to analyse what midwives can contribute, but to ensure their resource is properly used. At present, for example, there is some wasteful duplication between midwife and GP, and midwife and obstetrician. The midwifery offer has not changed and the midwife should work at all times in the way she is enabled to in statute and through education; otherwise society is not getting best value for money. High Impact Actions for Nursing Midwifery A page advises that increasing normal birth and stop unnecessary caesarean sections through MWs taking the lead role. Gould (2010) advises that this document defines the need to rebalance between medical focus and more emphasis on involving midwifery, however, Goldstein (2007) (In Gould 2010) suggests that more work should be done to stop loss aversion phenomena, whereby the public believe that an obstetric unit becoming a midwife led unit is a downgrade and not a positive. A sense of loss for not having Drs and Epidural available. However, it could also be that this time of budget cutting, could assist with the Prime Ministers commission as Gould (2007) suggests that medicalization will not be affordable. This would certainly help with a redistribution of power.

Intent as a dichotomic agent between folk psychology and identity theory :: essays research papers

The framework of choice for the contemporary philosophers of mind is physicalism, a position that integrates the study of mind within the ‘scientific’ human knowledge regulated by the laws of matter and energy. In this paper, I will provide arguments that support the incompatibility between two different theories of mind, namely mind-brain identity theory (IT) and folk psychology (FP) on logical grounds. The first part of the essay will familiarize the reader with the basic concepts, definitions and some of the key arguments employed by IT and FP. Let us begin with a summary about identity theory. Simply put this theory holds that states and processes of the mind are identical to states and processes of the brain. To make use of an example, our experience of pain it is exactly reflected by a corresponding neurological state in the brain, i.e. C-fibres firing. From this point of view, the mind is the brain – they are identical. However, this identity is only contingent, i.e. its confirmation relies upon ulterior scientifical advancements. There are two types of identity theories: type-identity theory and token-identity theory. The later is just a moderate derivation of the former, by proposing a not so radical claim, i.e. that supports the identity of particular instances (tokens) of mental states (e.g. a particular pain ) with correspondent particular brain states. Type-identity theory on the other hand, assumes a stronger position of strict identity, i.e. that pain as a type of mental state, is identical with a particul ar brain state. In this paper I refer to identity theory as type-identity theory (IT). The initiator of this theory was U.T. Place, and his innovative essay “Is Counsciousness a Brain Process'; (1956) greatly influenced J.J.C. Smart. Consequently, in “Sensations and Brain Processes'; (1959) Smart asserts that “processes reported in sensation statements are in fact processes in the brain';. IT theorists object against the “physical irreducibility'; of mental states, i.e. that they are something misterious and eluding physical laws, and so they deny the existence of the soul or counsciousness as something irreducible physical. Smart, a converted IT from behaviorist theory, doesn’t consider sensations or mental states as behaviors or dispositions, but type-identical with brain states; so pain, belief, desire are nothing else but neural firing, chemical release and whatever else might happen in the brain at that moment. Therefore, just as lightning is nothing but an electrical discharge, so pain just is C-fibers firing in the brain. Intent as a dichotomic agent between folk psychology and identity theory :: essays research papers The framework of choice for the contemporary philosophers of mind is physicalism, a position that integrates the study of mind within the ‘scientific’ human knowledge regulated by the laws of matter and energy. In this paper, I will provide arguments that support the incompatibility between two different theories of mind, namely mind-brain identity theory (IT) and folk psychology (FP) on logical grounds. The first part of the essay will familiarize the reader with the basic concepts, definitions and some of the key arguments employed by IT and FP. Let us begin with a summary about identity theory. Simply put this theory holds that states and processes of the mind are identical to states and processes of the brain. To make use of an example, our experience of pain it is exactly reflected by a corresponding neurological state in the brain, i.e. C-fibres firing. From this point of view, the mind is the brain – they are identical. However, this identity is only contingent, i.e. its confirmation relies upon ulterior scientifical advancements. There are two types of identity theories: type-identity theory and token-identity theory. The later is just a moderate derivation of the former, by proposing a not so radical claim, i.e. that supports the identity of particular instances (tokens) of mental states (e.g. a particular pain ) with correspondent particular brain states. Type-identity theory on the other hand, assumes a stronger position of strict identity, i.e. that pain as a type of mental state, is identical with a particul ar brain state. In this paper I refer to identity theory as type-identity theory (IT). The initiator of this theory was U.T. Place, and his innovative essay “Is Counsciousness a Brain Process'; (1956) greatly influenced J.J.C. Smart. Consequently, in “Sensations and Brain Processes'; (1959) Smart asserts that “processes reported in sensation statements are in fact processes in the brain';. IT theorists object against the “physical irreducibility'; of mental states, i.e. that they are something misterious and eluding physical laws, and so they deny the existence of the soul or counsciousness as something irreducible physical. Smart, a converted IT from behaviorist theory, doesn’t consider sensations or mental states as behaviors or dispositions, but type-identical with brain states; so pain, belief, desire are nothing else but neural firing, chemical release and whatever else might happen in the brain at that moment. Therefore, just as lightning is nothing but an electrical discharge, so pain just is C-fibers firing in the brain.

Love Song

I thought of it as a positive because he was almost escaping time. B: Okay so he's Just like thinking about everything in this moment so time doesn't exist anymore A: Yes B: So when he says â€Å"Let fall upon the its back the soot falls from chimneys. † he almost personifying their sleep. Okay because I kind of saw it as him reflecting on his entire life and how there will be time to do all these things that I want to do but in the end is it worth it? And when he says â€Å"let us go then you and l. Maybe he's talking about the afterlife and saying what is the meaning of all of this until you get there. They also talk about Michelangelo, maybe because he's dead but almost amortized. A: He said â€Å"Do I dare† often and â€Å"how should I should I presume† I don't know maybe that's Just the uncertainty if It all and like the things like he said let us go and take these risks but he questioned it. Just moments we overlook or miss out on because we don't know how to think.Then he talked about like In line 40 and on â€Å"my hair growing thin† â€Å"my arms are thin† â€Å"do I disturb the universe? † do I question time do I go out even though nature Is taking Its course B: And he says indeed there will be time to wonder do I dare like there will be time to think about the things that you would have done and maybe he regrets not doing some of them. Like he says â€Å"l have measured my life with coffee spoons† and he know the voices and has kind of been In the background.You know coffee spoons Is kind of tedious A: Yea kind of living autonomously, Just like day by day doing the same thing and then think maybe this moment Is something different or special or he has this revelation that maybe I should take a risk and I guess In that moment he thinks this Is how I'm living my life and kind of reflects B: He repeats the question â€Å"would It have been worthwhile to do al these things and says no I am not prince ham let nor was I meant to b† and he says â€Å"I'm more Like a fool and fool and someone who advises the prince† and I don't know what do you think that means A: He also mentions Like a lot of characters really exalted people and he's saying†¦B: Kind of that he won't be remembered A: Exactly Like talking of Michelangelo, and Lazarus and a prophet, Prince Hamlet B: Yea and he's not prince hamlet A: He's not anything special I guess or he wants to be B: And so how does this reflect on love then he's saying would I have been worthwhile o squeeze this universe Into ball A: It think maybe In this moment he this thinks to himself what If I had lived my life Like this all the time and what If I had taken risks I could have know this feeling more. If we're looking at It Like love or even If It Is the end of his life and In the afterlife he's thinking I could have done so much more Like I'm not this person but I could have been and Instead I was the assistant that's Just the u ncertainty if it all and like the things like he said let us go and take we don't know how to think. Then he talked about like in line 40 and on â€Å"my hair o out even though nature is taking its course B: And he says indeed there will be measured my life with coffee spoons† and he know the voices and has kind of been in the background.You know coffee spoons is kind of tedious A: Yea kind of living moment is something different or special or he has this revelation that maybe I should take a risk and I guess in that moment he thinks this is how I'm living my life and kind of reflects B: He repeats the question â€Å"would it have been worthwhile to do says â€Å"I'm more like a fool and fool and someone who advises the prince† and I don't now what do you think that means A: He also mentions like a lot of characters really A: Exactly like talking of Michelangelo, and Lazarus and a prophet, Prince Hamlet B: to squeeze this universe into ball A: It think maybe in this m oment he this thinks to himself what if I had lived my life like this all the time and what if I had taken risks I could have know this feeling more. If we're looking at it like love or even if it is the end of his life and in the afterlife he's thinking I could have done so much more like I'm not this person but I could have been and instead I was the assistant Love Song The poem I chose to imitate and use to create my pastiche was Joseph Brodsky’s â€Å"Love Song†. The poem is Brodsky’s unusual ode to the woman he loves, telling her all the things that he would do for her if he could. These are things that he would do to show her how much he loves her, how far he would to take care of her, and how attracted he is to her. I chose this poem because I felt that it was an interesting combination of humor and subtle sexual innuendo intertwined with classical love poem emotion.I also chose this poem because the structure of it and the meter of the words were interesting and I wanted to challenge myself to recreate this structure with lines and thoughts of my own. Within Brodsky’s poem there are some particular elements that I intentionally tried to recreate, while there are others that I changed for my own. I tried to stay within the same meter with my poem as Brodsky did in his. I did this primarily because I enjoyed the way t hat the meter made his poem so easily readable and made the poem flow better.Brodsky did this by using words and lines with the same number of syllables, and I tried to recreate this element for the same effect. I also chose to utilize the element of rhyming every other line so that every two lines complete one sentence and one sentiment for the poem’s reader. Again, I felt that this technique made the poem flow well and made it more interesting. I began my creative process to create my pastiche of Brodsky’s poem by reading it several times.I did this to get an accurate understanding of the places in the poem where he inserted humor or innuendo in the lines. I felt that it was important to evenly space out these occurrences as Brodsky did so my poem didn’t come off too humorous and seem like a joke or a less than heartfelt expression. I also noted the individual components that Brodsky said he would be willing to be in his poem and tried to follow these. In some lines he refers to being a particular occupation, but in others he refers to himself as hypothetically being an inanimate object.I tried to follow this same structure because I felt it lent to the imagination of the poem and the genuine expression of love. The biggest challenge for me when creating my pastiche was to rhyme every other line. I find it difficult to write poetry that rhymes but I wanted to keep this element from Brodsky’s poem. I dealt with this challenge by trying to keep the first word, which is the word for which I would need to find an accompanying rhyme, simple and easy to rhyme.This meant rewriting some of the lines to make them end with an easy but fitting word, but it also helped me to make the poem flow better. I think I was able to rhyme the alternating lines while still incorporating meaningful metaphors in my poem. The other challenge I encountered was trying to implement Brodsky’s use of sexual innuendo without making the poem sexual. I trie d to accomplish this by using metaphors that hinted at sexual or physical attraction without being too overt, but I honestly found it difficult to imitate Brodsky’s sly subtlety.Overall, I think that the resulting pastiche that I created is a good imitation of Brodsky’s poem without mirroring it exactly. While I followed his formula for constructing the poem, I used my own metaphors which give it my own perspective. I think I did a good job of retaining the structure and flow of Brodsky’s poem, which was difficult since I was using my own words and having to rhyme every other line like he did. In creating this pastiche I was reminded of how much work goes into writing what seems like a simple poem.It’s easy to look at Brodsky’s poem, which is only sixteen lines of simple language, and decide that it must be easy to write something like it. But in reality, the structure, language and rhyme scheme made it more difficult than originally imagined. It t ook a lot of creative effort to create something individual while imitating the elements of the original poem that I liked or wanted to incorporate, but I think the resulting pastiche is a quality imitation of Brodsky’s display of poetic talent.

Challenges of restaurants facing in HK Essay

INTRODUCTION: It is well known that Hong Kong is a food paradise since there is an array of types of food and a wide range of restaurants can be founded in Hong Kong. The business of restaurants plays an important role in the food service sector in Hong Kong and it is gaining momentum due to the variety kinds of food provided. However, due to the cost, labor and competition factors, Hong Kong restaurants are facing challenges both internally and externally, and as a consequence, they are opening and closing at a fast pace. (Chung,2013) CHALLENGE 1: First and foremost, one of the crucial challenges facing by Hong Kong restaurants is the soaring rent of their locations. Due to the increasing tension of the land use in Hong Kong, the land price is increasing and as a result, the rent is rising. The tremendous amount of property rental increased by the property owners adds a large financial burden on the restaurants. Since they cannot gain any profits if they need to pay such an expensive rent, therefore, they will have no choice but to close down their restaurants. The famous Lei Yuen Congee Noodles (Chung, 2013) behind Sogo Department Store in Causeway bay is a case in point. It was forced to close because it was located in the core area in Causeway Bay and the rent was doubled. This case shows that the insurmountable rent may lead to an end of a restaurant business. Besides, the food cost is another challenges to Hong Kong restaurants. Due to the inflation, the cost of ingredients is increasing. Some commodities like vegetables, cooking oil, cheese and beef are costing higher, restaurants need to pay more and the profit is lower (Ryan, 2011). Some restaurants had tried not to increase the price od their dishes and make less profit they could get in order not to scare off their patrons initially, however, with the steady rise of food cost, they were not be able to impede the increase of their menu prices. Undoubtedly, the increase in the price of menus resulted in a loss of customers. CHALLENGE 2: Moreover, labor shortage is also a key challenge of Hong Kong restaurants.  (Wong, 2011) Because of the long working hours and tough work, many people are not willing to work in a restaurant, except those are passionate about food and beverage. With fewer newcomers in this industry, there is a lack of skillful staff. Although there is an implementation of minimum wage law in order to prevent workers from depriving, many people will prefer exploring in other industries rather that working in restaurants, especially the Generation Y who born in the 1980s and 1990s. McDonald’s Restaurants (Hong Kong) Limited is a case in point (Wong, 2011). The Generation Y group of staff has become increasingly mobile after the imposition of minimum wage law. They would like to seek better opportunities in other areas instead of working for long hours in the food industry. Since there will be fewer passionate people in food and beverage among the youngsters, as a consequence, there may be a sh ortfall of restaurants workers after the retiring of the current talented staff. The service quality and operational efficiency may not be maintained with a shortage of labor. Therefore, restaurants are facing a tremendous difficulty in the aspect of labor use. CHALLENGE 3: Last but not least, there is a fierce competition among restaurants. In today’s highly customer-oriented marketplace, maintain increasing levels of food hygiene and service quality is certainly important. Restaurants need to ensure that the basic service is good and the menu should not be dull and it should include some special dishes regularly in order to attract customers. However, it is not the only requirement for maintain restaurants’ competitive edge. Becoming a successful restaurant, not only do the food and service are in a good quality, media attention is also needed. Most of the upscale restaurants in Hong Kong are aggressive in holding events or collaborating with other business partners to offer promotions and to attract media attention. They will also add leisure components to the dining experience, such as wine tasting sessions, cooking classes or food photography courses(HKQAA,2011). Many casual restaurants also take advantage of the social media platform s, for instance, OpenRice and Facebook, to promote themselves by offering discounts. It shows that the competition among restaurants is extremely fierce and media attention plays a key role in the competition of restaurants. If the restaurants cannot stand out to  catch customers’ attention through media, the business may not be successful when they are comparing with other restaurants. CONCLUSION: To conclude, restaurants are facing many challenges in Hong Kong, ranging from internal challenges to external challenges. Although the monetary challenges, lack of labor and the fierce competition add a burden on running the restaurants business, there are always solutions to solve the problems. With the perfect service and tasty food provided, restaurants can succeed and always stand out from others. REFERENCES: Cathie Chung(2013),Attractiveness And Challenges Of Restaurant Business In Hong Kong (Website:http://www.joneslanglasalleblog.com/APResearch/retail-research/attractiveness-and-challenges-of-restaurant-business-in-hong-kong#.UmvxjRaA3X9) HKQAA(2013),VISION (Website : http://www.hkqaa.org/cmsimg/1375072136vision48.pdf) Nicolette Wong(2011),Challenges and incentives motivate young restaurant workers (Website http://cthr.ctgoodjobs.hk/article/show_article.aspx/1174-14129-challenges-and-incentives-motivate-young-restaurant-workers) RYAN(2011),Can Restaurants Increase Their Menu Prices In Response To The Rising Food Cost? (Website: http://www.kng.com/blog/food-and-beverage-news/can-restaurants-increase-their-menu-prices-in-response-to-the-rising-food-cost/)

Ethical Issues in Organizational Behavior Essay

Ethical decisions play a very important role in an organization. Ethics is the concept of good and bad behavior. Ethical behavior is governed by state, federal, and local laws. It is important for an organization to promote good moral choices and do everything in its power to prevent unethical behavior from taking place in the workplace. This can be achieved through continuous training and reinforcement of the desired behavior. Unethical behavior in the workplace can be detrimental to an organization because it is both costly and can ruin a good relationship between business associates. There are several influences on ethical behavior. They can range from the diversity of the workforce to the technology used in the organization to the quality that is now required of the products produced by an organization. Diversity can become an issue when a manager uses personal race related biases in organizational decisions. Technology can be an issue when proper training is not available to the employees in an organization. The fact that the employee is not trained properly makes them more likely to make a mistake or incapable of performing job duties. Quality can become an issue when an organization does provide its employee with the tools necessary to provide products within the specifications of their customers’ requirements. An employee is then forced to make a decision on whether or not to continue in the development of the less than required product. All of these influences to ethical behavior can be tracked back to a system breakdown. An organization can influence the ethical behavior of employees in several ways. First the organization can offer some kind of reward for behavior defined as ethical. This will give the employee reason to continue making the â€Å"right† or desired organizational behavior. Continuous training will enable the employees to efficiently perform specified job duties. It will also enable managers to clarify desired behavior and give the employee a sense of security and confidence. Management is primarily responsible for ensuring that the proper tools and training are available to all employees. Deming’s observations led him to believe that â€Å"the typical manager spends most of his or her time wrongly blaming and punishing individuals for system failure† (Kinicki, & Kreitner, 2009, pg. 11). His 85-15 rule is helpful in preventing a manager from jumping to conclusions and making an unethical decision. Using the principles of Total Quality management will also aide in influencing ethical behavior in the workplace. They are as follows: a) Do it right the first time to eliminate rework b) Listen to and learn from customers and employees ) Make continuous improvement an everyday matter d) Build teamwork, trust, and mutual respect These principles will add to the security and confidence that employees will get from continued training. An example of ethical issue being faced by an organization is the ethical, legal, and social issues derived from the Human Genome Project. This project is funded by the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). There are several ethical issues related to this project. One concern is fairness in the use of genetic information. It must be determined who should have access to the information and how the information should be used. Another ethical issue faced by funders of the Human Genome Project is privacy and confidentiality. It needs to be determined who owns and controls the findings from the project. Another ethical issue is the psychological impact and stigmatization. Before findings are made public, it needs to be determined how this information will affect an individual. The uncertainties that are tied to gene testing are another ethical issue that DOE and NIH are faced with. They have to decide if testing should be done even when treatment is not available. They have to decide if a parent has the authority to test their children for potential diseases. They must determine if the test are reliable and interpretable by members of the medical community. There are many other ethical decisions that must be made with the continued study of human genetics.